Masjid Zahir is one of the most famous landmarks in Alor Setar, Kedah. Known for its beautiful Islamic architecture and distinctive black domes, the mosque is an important symbol of Kedah’s history, culture, and Islamic heritage.
Located in the heart of Alor Setar, Masjid Zahir was officially opened in 1912. Its design was inspired by the architectural style of mosques in North India, giving the building a unique appearance that makes it stand out among Malaysia’s historic mosques.
The story of Masjid Zahir
The present Masjid Zahir was started on 11 March 1912 (22 Rabiulawal 1330H). The person behind the project was YTM Tunku Mahmud Ibni Almarhum Sultan Tajuddin Mukarram Shah, who was serving as Regent/acting ruler while his brother, Sultan Abdul Hamid Halim Shah, was Sultan of Kedah.
But the story actually goes back much further.
Before Masjid Zahir existed, there was an older mosque on the same site. The Kedah Islamic Affairs Department says the original mosque dated back to 1735, during the reign of Sultan Muhammad Jiwa Zainal Abidin II, also known as Marhum Kota Setar. That earlier mosque was a traditional Malay wooden structure with a nipah roof.
There is an especially significant story about the land. The site was associated with the burial place of Kedah warriors who died defending the state during the Siamese invasion of Kedah in 1821.
As Alor Setar grew, the old mosque was no longer large enough for the increasing congregation. The authorities also wanted a more substantial mosque befitting the royal capital. The old mosque was subsequently moved to Alor Merah, while the new Masjid Zahir was constructed at the original site.
Who was responsible for building it?
The project was undertaken under Tunku Mahmud, with a committee of five people entrusted with the construction:Tunku Ibrahim Ibni Sultan Abdul Hamid Halim Shah, Syeh Hassan Barakbah, Che Muhammad Ariffin, the State Secretary, W.G. Maxwell, the British Adviser, J. Gorman, the State Engineer.
The mosque's plans were prepared by J. Gorman and Pakdin under the direction of the Sultan.
The construction took about three years. It was officially opened on 15 October 1915 (6 Zulhijjah 1333H) by Sultan Abdul Hamid Halim Shah. At the opening, Tunku Mahmud delivered the Friday sermon while the Sultan led the Friday prayer.
Why is it called Masjid Zahir?
The name “Zahir” also has an interesting explanation. The Kedah Islamic Affairs Department connects the name with Arabic words associated with flowers, blossoming, brightness and purity. The department suggests that the name conveys ideas of beauty, brightness, cleanliness and purity.
The architectural story
The design is particularly interesting because it was inspired by the Azizi Mosque in Langkat, North Sumatra. The National Archives of Malaysia specifically records this connection.
Its most famous feature is the five smaller black domes surrounding the main dome. These five domes symbolize the Five Pillars of Islam. The building also has a large square prayer hall, surrounding verandahs and four projecting entrances, each with a dome.
The mosque therefore isn't simply an old building with attractive domes. Its design, location and history are connected to Kedah's royal government, Islamic tradition, the memory of the 1821 conflict, and architectural influences from North Sumatra.
Conclusion
Masjid Zahir remains one of Kedah’s most recognizable landmarks. With its impressive domes, historic architecture, and deep connection to the state’s Islamic heritage, the mosque offers visitors a glimpse into the rich history and culture of Alor Setar. Whether you are interested in architecture, history, or Malaysian culture, Masjid Zahir is a fascinating place to discover.
Comments
Post a Comment